Name different type of vegetation found in india and describe the vegetation of high altitude?

Question: Name different type of vegetation found in india and describe the vegetation of high altitude?

India has a rich diversity of natural vegetation due to its varied climate, relief, and soil. Here are some of the different types of vegetation found in India and their characteristics:

- Tropical evergreen rain forests: These are dense, multi-layered forests that grow in areas with heavy rainfall (more than 200 cm) throughout the year. They are found in the Western Ghats, the northeastern states, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and some parts of the Himalayan foothills. They have a variety of trees, such as rosewood, mahogany, ebony, bamboo, etc., and many species of animals, such as elephants, monkeys, leopards, etc. 

- Tropical deciduous forests: These are also called monsoon forests because they shed their leaves during the dry season. They grow in areas with moderate rainfall (100-200 cm) and have a distinct wet and dry season. They are found in most parts of the country, except the arid and semi-arid regions. They have trees like teak, sal, sandalwood, etc., and animals like tigers, lions, deer, etc. 

- Tropical thorn forests and scrubs: These are sparse vegetation that grows in areas with low rainfall (less than 50 cm) and high temperature. They are found in the central Deccan plateau, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. They have thorny trees and shrubs like acacia, cactus, babool, etc., and animals like camels, foxes, jackals, etc. 

- Montane forests: These are forests that grow in the mountainous regions of the country. They vary according to the altitude and temperature. At lower altitudes (1000-2000 m), they are similar to tropical deciduous forests with trees like pine, oak, chestnut, etc. At higher altitudes (2000-4000 m), they are similar to temperate forests with trees like fir, spruce, deodar, etc. At very high altitudes (above 4000 m), they are similar to alpine forests with trees like birch, juniper, rhododendron, etc. 

- Tidal or mangrove forests: These are forests that grow along the coastlines and estuaries of the country. They are adapted to survive in saline water and tidal fluctuations. They are found in the deltas of the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri rivers. They have trees like sundari, mangrove, palm, etc., and animals like crocodiles, turtles, crabs, etc. 

The vegetation of high altitude is mainly alpine forest type which consists of dwarf trees and shrubs that can withstand cold and snow. They have a short growing season and a low diversity of species. They are found in the Himalayan region above 4000 m altitude.

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