Which of the following terms associated with transcription describe regions of nucleic acid?
Question: Which of the following terms associated with transcription describe regions of nucleic acid?
Promoter
Terminator
Exon
Intron
Explanation:
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. During transcription, only one strand of the DNA is used as a template for the synthesis of RNA. The strand that is transcribed is called the template strand, and the strand that is not transcribed is called the coding strand. The RNA molecule that is produced by transcription is complementary to the template strand and identical to the coding strand, except that it has uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).
There are some specific regions of nucleic acid that are involved in transcription. These regions are:
- Promoter: A promoter is a sequence of DNA that signals the start of transcription. It is located upstream of the gene, meaning before the gene on the same strand of DNA. The promoter attracts and binds the enzyme RNA polymerase, which initiates transcription.
- Terminator: A terminator is a sequence of DNA that signals the end of transcription. It is located downstream of the gene, meaning after the gene on the same strand of DNA. The terminator causes RNA polymerase to detach from the DNA and release the RNA transcript.
- Exon: An exon is a segment of DNA or RNA that codes for a protein or a part of a protein. Exons are interrupted by introns in eukaryotic genes.
- Intron: An intron is a segment of DNA or RNA that does not code for a protein or a part of a protein. Introns are spliced out of the RNA transcript before it leaves the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
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