Describe the major reforms introduced by warren hastings?
Question: Describe the major reforms introduced by warren hastings?
Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of Bengal from 1774 to 1785. He introduced many reforms in the administration, revenue, judiciary and commerce of Bengal. Some of his major reforms were:
- He abolished the dual system of governance, where the Company had the right to collect revenue and the Nawab had the authority to administer. He reduced the Nawab's allowance and stopped paying tribute to the Mughal Emperor.
- He established a Board of Revenue at Calcutta and appointed British collectors in each district. He also moved the treasury from Murshidabad to Calcutta, making it the capital of Bengal. He tried to regulate the rent and prevent excessive fines.
- He reformed the judicial system by creating civil and criminal courts at the district and provincial levels. He also set up two appellate courts at Calcutta, one for civil cases (Sadar Diwani Adalat) and one for criminal cases (Sadar Nizamat Adalat). He abolished the judicial powers of the zamindars.
- He facilitated trade by abolishing dastaks or free passes that exempted the Company and its servants from paying customs duties. He also abolished minor custom houses and reduced the transit duties.
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