In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. how are the bacteria made resistant?
Question: In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. how are the bacteria made resistant?
To make bacteria resistant to a specific antibiotic, a gene that codes for resistance to that antibiotic is introduced into the bacteria through genetic engineering techniques such as transformation, transduction, or electroporation.
The gene for antibiotic resistance is typically taken from another bacterium or even from a different organism that naturally possesses resistance to the antibiotic of interest. This gene is then cloned into a plasmid, which is a small, circular piece of DNA that can replicate independently within the bacterium.
The plasmid containing the resistance gene is then introduced into the target bacteria by one of the genetic engineering techniques mentioned earlier. Once inside the bacteria, the plasmid replicates and the antibiotic resistance gene is expressed, allowing the bacteria to survive in the presence of the antibiotic.
After introducing the plasmid into the bacteria, the bacteria are grown in the presence of the antibiotic to select for those that have successfully taken up the plasmid and are now resistant to the antibiotic. These bacteria can then be used for various applications, such as producing recombinant proteins or carrying out genetic studies.
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