What is transpiration give the mechanism of closing and opening of stomata?

Question: What is transpiration give the mechanism of closing and opening of stomata?

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water from their leaves through evaporation. The opening and closing of stomata, the small pores on the surface of leaves, play a crucial role in regulating transpiration. Stomata open when guard cells that surround them take up water and become turgid, causing them to bulge and the stomatal pore to open. This process is controlled by the hormone abscisic acid, which is produced in response to environmental stress such as drought or high temperature. Conversely, stomata close when guard cells lose water and become flaccid, causing the stomatal pore to close. This process is controlled by a combination of factors, including the concentration of ions such as potassium and calcium in the guard cells, as well as environmental factors such as light and humidity. The opening and closing of stomata is a finely-tuned mechanism that helps plants conserve water while also allowing for gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis.

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