Five characteristics of rural settlement in tropical africa?
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Question: Five characteristics of rural settlement in tropical africa?
Rural settlements are places where people live and work in the countryside. They are usually small and dispersed, meaning that they have few buildings and are spread out over a large area. Rural settlements in tropical Africa have some common characteristics that reflect the physical environment, the culture and the economy of the region. Here are five of them:
- Most rural settlements are located near water sources, such as rivers, lakes or wells. This is because water is essential for drinking, cooking, washing and irrigation. Water also provides opportunities for fishing, transportation and recreation.
- Most rural settlements are based on subsistence agriculture, meaning that they produce enough food for their own consumption and have little surplus for trade. The main crops grown are cereals, such as maize, millet and sorghum, and root crops, such as cassava and yams. Some farmers also keep livestock, such as cattle, goats and chickens.
- Most rural settlements have a low population density, meaning that there are few people per square kilometer. This is because of the limited availability of arable land, the high incidence of diseases, such as malaria and HIV/AIDS, and the low level of education and health care. The average population density of rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa is about 40 people per square kilometer, compared to 400 people per square kilometer in urban areas.
- Most rural settlements have a simple social structure, meaning that they have few social classes and divisions. The main unit of social organization is the family or the extended family, which consists of parents, children, grandparents and other relatives. The family is usually headed by a male elder, who makes decisions on behalf of the group. The family also shares resources and responsibilities, such as land, labor and food.
- Most rural settlements have a traditional culture, meaning that they follow customs and beliefs that have been passed down from generation to generation. The culture is influenced by the ethnic group, the religion and the history of the people. Some aspects of the culture include the language, the music, the art, the clothing and the ceremonies.
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