How carboxylic acid prepared using dry ice?

Question: How carboxylic acid prepared using dry ice?

Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH). One of the methods to prepare carboxylic acids is by using Grignard reagents and  dry ice. Grignard reagents are organomagnesium compounds that have the general formula R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen. Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide (CO2).

The reaction involves the nucleophilic attack of the Grignard reagent on the carbon atom of CO2, forming a magnesium salt of the carboxylic acid. This salt is then hydrolyzed with dilute acid to produce the carboxylic acid and magnesium hydroxide. The carboxylic acid has one more carbon atom than the original halide from which the Grignard reagent was prepared.

For example, if we use methylmagnesium bromide (CH3-Mg-Br) as the Grignard reagent and dry ice as the CO2 source, we can obtain acetic acid (CH3-COOH) as follows:

CH3-Mg-Br + CO2 -> CH3-COO-Mg-Br

CH3-COO-Mg-Br + H3O+ -> CH3-COOH + Mg(Br)OH.

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