Explain the nyquist theorem and how it is used in digital communication.
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Question: Explain the nyquist theorem and how it is used in digital communication.
The Nyquist theorem is a fundamental concept in digital communication that states how fast we can sample an analog signal and still be able to reconstruct it accurately. The theorem says that the sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency component of the signal, otherwise we will lose information and introduce distortion. This is called the Nyquist criterion or the Nyquist rate.
The Nyquist theorem is used in digital communication to design systems that can transmit and receive signals efficiently and reliably. For example, when we convert an analog voice signal into a digital stream of bits, we need to choose a sampling rate that satisfies the Nyquist criterion. If we sample too slowly, we will miss some details of the voice and create noise. If we sample too fast, we will waste bandwidth and resources. The Nyquist theorem helps us find the optimal balance between quality and cost.
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