Explain two ways in which the alveoli are adapted to increase the efficiency of gas exchange?

Question: Explain two ways in which the alveoli are adapted to increase the efficiency of gas exchange?

The alveoli are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place. They are adapted to increase the efficiency of gas exchange in two main ways:

Large surface area: The alveoli are numerous and have a large total surface area, which provides more space for gas exchange to take place. This increases the efficiency of gas exchange as more oxygen can diffuse into the blood and more carbon dioxide can diffuse out of the blood at the same time.

Thin walls: The walls of the alveoli are very thin, which allows gases to diffuse quickly between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries. This increases the efficiency of gas exchange as oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged rapidly.

These adaptations help to ensure that the body receives enough oxygen to function properly and that carbon dioxide is removed from the body efficiently. 

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