Listed following are various physical situations that describe how light interacts with matter. match these to the appropriate category.


Question: Listed following are various physical situations that describe how light interacts with matter. match these to the appropriate category.

Light-matter interaction categoryPhysical situation
ReflectionLight bouncing off a mirror
RefractionLight bending as it passes from one medium to another, such as from air to water
AbsorptionLight being converted into heat by an object
EmissionLight being produced by an object, such as a light bulb or a fire
ScatteringLight being changed in direction by particles in its path, such as dust or water droplets

Here is a more detailed explanation of each category:

  • Reflection: Reflection is when light bounces off a surface. The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence, which is the angle at which the light strikes the surface.
  • Refraction: Refraction is when light bends as it passes from one medium to another. The amount of refraction depends on the refractive indices of the two media. The refractive index of a medium is a measure of how much light slows down in that medium.
  • Absorption: Absorption is when light is converted into heat by an object. The color of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light that it absorbs. For example, a red object absorbs all wavelengths of light except for red.
  • Emission: Emission is when light is produced by an object. There are many different ways that light can be emitted, such as through incandescence, fluorescence, and phosphorescence.
  • Scattering: Scattering is when light is changed in direction by particles in its path. The amount of scattering depends on the size and shape of the particles. For example, dust and water droplets can scatter light, which is why the sky is blue.
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