Describe the essential difference between the coding and template strands of dna during transcription.

Question: Describe the essential difference between the coding and template strands of dna during transcription.

The essential difference between the coding and template strands of DNA during transcription is that the coding strand is identical to the RNA transcript produced, except that uracil (U) is substituted for thymine (T). The template strand is complementary to the RNA transcript, meaning that it has the opposite nucleotide sequence.

Coding strand

The coding strand is the non-template strand of DNA that codes for a protein. It is identical to the RNA transcript produced, except for the substitution of U for T. This is because RNA polymerase uses UMPs (uridine monophosphates) instead of TMPs (thymidine monophosphates) to synthesize RNA.

Template strand

The template strand is the strand of DNA that is used as a template for RNA transcription. It is complementary to the RNA transcript, meaning that it has the opposite nucleotide sequence. This is because RNA polymerase pairs complementary nucleotides when synthesizing RNA.

Example

Here is an example of the coding and template strands of DNA during transcription:

DNA sequence:
5' - ATGCATGCATGCATGC - 3'

Template strand:
3' - TACGTACGTACGTACG - 5'

Coding strand:
5' - ATGCATGCATGCATGC - 3'

RNA transcript:
5' - AUGCAUGCAUGCAUGC - 3'

In this example, the coding strand is identical to the RNA transcript, except for the substitution of U for T. The template strand is complementary to the RNA transcript.

Importance of the difference between the coding and template strands

The essential difference between the coding and template strands of DNA during transcription is important because it ensures that the RNA transcript is a faithful copy of the DNA gene. The RNA transcript can then be translated into protein, which is the process by which genetic information is expressed.

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