Which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 would a historian most likely cite to support barkey’s claim regarding the ottoman empire and its predecessors and contemporaries in the first sentence of the second paragraph?

Question: Which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 would a historian most likely cite to support barkey’s claim regarding the ottoman empire and its predecessors and contemporaries in the first sentence of the second paragraph?

In the second paragraph of her book, Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective, Karen Barkey writes: "The Ottoman Empire was a world-historical phenomenon that spanned six centuries, three continents, and a multitude of diverse peoples and cultures. It was one of the longest-lasting and most resilient empires in history, and one that constantly adapted to changing circumstances and challenges. It was also an empire that, unlike its predecessors and contemporaries, did not impose a single religious or ethnic identity on its subjects, but rather accommodated and incorporated a variety of religious, linguistic, and cultural groups under its rule."

Which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 would a historian most likely cite to support Barkey's claim regarding the Ottoman Empire and its predecessors and contemporaries in the first sentence of the second paragraph?

- The expansion of the Ottoman Empire into Europe, Africa, and Asia, and the establishment of a vast network of trade, diplomacy, and cultural exchange with other states and regions.

- The development of the millet system, which granted religious and legal autonomy to non-Muslim communities within the Ottoman Empire, such as Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians.

- The emergence of the devshirme system, which recruited young boys from Christian families in the Balkans and Anatolia, converted them to Islam, and trained them for various roles in the Ottoman administration and military.

- The promotion of arts, sciences, literature, and architecture under the patronage of Ottoman sultans and elites, who fostered a cosmopolitan and pluralistic culture that blended elements from various traditions and regions.

- The adoption of the kanun, or secular law, which supplemented the sharia, or Islamic law, and regulated various aspects of social, economic, and political life in the Ottoman Empire.