Which graph represents selection that may lead to reduced variation in a population?
Question: Which graph represents selection that may lead to reduced variation in a population?
In this blog post, we will explore the question: which graph represents selection that may lead to reduced variation in a population? To answer this question, we need to understand what selection and variation are, and how they affect the evolution of populations.
Selection is the process by which some individuals in a population survive and reproduce more than others, due to their traits being more suited to the environment. Variation is the difference in traits among individuals in a population, which can be caused by genetic mutations, recombination, or environmental factors. Variation is the raw material for evolution, as it provides the diversity of traits that can be acted upon by selection.
However, not all types of selection lead to increased variation. Some types of selection can reduce variation, by favoring one trait over others, or by eliminating extreme traits. For example, stabilizing selection occurs when individuals with intermediate traits have higher fitness than those with extreme traits. This type of selection reduces variation by narrowing the range of traits in the population. Directional selection occurs when individuals with one extreme trait have higher fitness than those with other traits. This type of selection reduces variation by shifting the average trait value in one direction.
To illustrate these types of selection, we can use graphs that show the frequency distribution of a trait in a population before and after selection. The x-axis represents the range of values for the trait, and the y-axis represents the frequency or proportion of individuals with that value. The graphs below show examples of stabilizing selection and directional selection on a hypothetical trait.
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