Which of the following is true? fertilization requires two haploid cells. homologous chromosomes have the same alleles, but they may have different genes. diploid cells have two identical copies of each chromosome. both a and b are true.
Question: Which of the following is true? fertilization requires two haploid cells. homologous chromosomes have the same alleles, but they may have different genes. diploid cells have two identical copies of each chromosome. both a and b are true.
One of the most important concepts in biology is the relationship between cells, chromosomes, genes and alleles. In this blog post, we will review some of the basic terms and concepts related to these topics, and then we will test your understanding with a multiple-choice question.
Cells are the basic units of life. They contain genetic material in the form of DNA, which is organized into structures called chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of smaller segments of DNA called genes, which code for specific traits or functions. Alleles are different versions of the same gene that may have different effects on the trait or function.
Depending on the type of cell, it may have one or two sets of chromosomes. Cells that have one set of chromosomes are called haploid cells, and they are usually involved in sexual reproduction. For example, sperm and egg cells are haploid cells that carry half the genetic information of the parent. Cells that have two sets of chromosomes are called diploid cells, and they are usually involved in growth and development. For example, most of the cells in your body are diploid cells that carry the full genetic information of both parents.
When two haploid cells fuse during fertilization, they form a diploid cell called a zygote, which is the first cell of a new organism. The zygote inherits one set of chromosomes from each parent, and these sets are called homologous chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes, but they may have different alleles. For example, if one parent has a gene for blue eyes and the other parent has a gene for brown eyes, the zygote will have two homologous chromosomes with different alleles for eye color.
Now that you have reviewed some of the key terms and concepts, let's see how well you can apply them to a multiple-choice question. Which of the following statements is true?
A) Fertilization requires two haploid cells.
B) Homologous chromosomes have the same alleles, but they may have different genes.
C) Diploid cells have two identical copies of each chromosome.
D) Both A and B are true.
The correct answer is A) Fertilization requires two haploid cells. This statement is true because fertilization is the process of combining two haploid cells to form a diploid cell. The other statements are false because:
B) Homologous chromosomes have the same genes, but they may have different alleles. This statement is false because homologous chromosomes have different alleles, but they have the same genes.
C) Diploid cells have two identical copies of each chromosome. This statement is false because diploid cells have two homologous copies of each chromosome, which are not identical.
D) Both A and B are true. This statement is false because B is false.
We hope you enjoyed this blog post and learned something new about cells, chromosomes, genes and alleles. If you want to learn more about these topics, you can check out our other blog posts or visit our website for more resources.
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