Which components of fruits are commonly employed in dna extraction?

Question: Which components of fruits are commonly employed in dna extraction?

DNA extraction is the process of isolating DNA from cells. Fruits are often used as sources of DNA because they are easy to mash and contain a lot of cells. Some of the components of fruits that are commonly employed in DNA extraction are:

- Cellulose: This is the main component of the cell wall of plant cells. Cellulose is a polysaccharide that provides structural support and rigidity to the cells. Cellulose needs to be broken down by physical or enzymatic methods to release the DNA from the cells¹².

- Pectin: This is another component of the cell wall of plant cells. Pectin is a complex carbohydrate that acts as a glue between the cellulose fibers. Pectin also needs to be degraded to access the DNA from the cells¹².

- Phenolic compounds: These are chemicals that are found in fruits, especially in the skin and seeds. Phenolic compounds have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, but they can also interfere with DNA extraction by binding to the DNA and making it insoluble. Phenolic compounds need to be removed or neutralized by adding substances such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or ascorbic acid³⁴.

- Proteins: These are molecules that perform various functions in the cells, such as catalyzing reactions, transporting substances, and regulating gene expression. Proteins are also associated with the DNA in the form of histones, which help to package the DNA into chromosomes. Proteins need to be denatured or digested by adding substances such as detergents, salts, or enzymes to separate the DNA from the proteins.

These are some of the components of fruits that are commonly employed in DNA extraction.

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