Explain the difference between self pollination and cross pollination?
Question: Explain the difference between self pollination and cross pollination?
Here's a clear explanation of the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination:
Self-Pollination
- Definition: Self-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther (male part) of a flower is transferred to the stigma (female part) of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.
- Characteristics:
- Genetic Uniformity: It leads to less genetic variation since the pollen and ovule come from the same plant.
- Examples: Common in plants like peas, sunflowers, and wheat.
- Advantages: Ensures reproduction even in the absence of pollinators.
- Disadvantages: Can result in inbreeding, which may reduce the plant's ability to adapt to environmental changes.
Cross-Pollination
- Definition: Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species.
- Characteristics:
- Genetic Diversity: Promotes genetic variation, which can lead to stronger and more resilient offspring.
- Examples: Common in plants like apples, pumpkins, and daffodils.
- Advantages: Increases genetic diversity, which can enhance the plant's adaptability and survival¹.
- Disadvantages: Relies on external pollinators like insects, wind, or animals, which may not always be available.
In summary, self-pollination involves the transfer of pollen within the same plant, leading to genetic uniformity, while cross-pollination involves the transfer of pollen between different plants, promoting genetic diversity.
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